On the one hand, the power loss of the hydraulic system will cause energy loss, leading to a decrease in the overall efficiency of the system. On the other hand, the lost energy will be converted into thermal energy, causing the temperature of the hydraulic oil to rise, the oil to deteriorate, and causing hydraulic equipment to malfunction. Therefore, when designing hydraulic systems, while meeting usage requirements, full consideration should also be given to reducing system power loss.

 

Firstly, from the perspective of power source - pump, considering the diversity of actuator working conditions, sometimes the system requires high flow rate and low pressure; Sometimes small flow and high pressure are required. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a pressure limiting variable displacement pump, as the flow rate of this type of pump varies with the changes in system pressure. When the system pressure decreases, the flow rate is relatively high, which can meet the fast travel of the actuator. When the system pressure increases, the flow rate decreases accordingly, which can meet the working stroke of the actuator. This can not only meet the working requirements of the actuator, but also make the power consumption more reasonable.

 

Secondly, if the actuator has speed regulation requirements, when selecting a speed regulation circuit, it is necessary to meet the speed regulation requirements while minimizing power loss as much as possible. The common speed control circuits mainly include throttle speed control circuit, volumetric speed control circuit, and volumetric throttle speed control circuit. The power loss of the throttle speed control circuit is large, and the stability at low speeds is good. The volumetric speed control circuit has neither overflow nor throttling losses, with high efficiency but poor low-speed stability. If both requirements need to be met simultaneously, a volume throttling speed control circuit composed of a differential pressure variable displacement pump and a throttle valve can be used, and the pressure difference at both ends of the throttle valve should be minimized to reduce pressure loss.

 

Thirdly, there is inevitably pressure loss and flow loss when hydraulic oil flows through various hydraulic valves, and this part of energy loss accounts for a large proportion of the total energy loss. Therefore, selecting hydraulic actuators reasonably and adjusting the pressure of the pressure valve is also an important aspect of reducing power loss. The flow valve is selected according to the flow adjustment range in the system and ensures that its minimum stable flow can meet the usage requirements. The pressure of the pressure valve should be as low as possible while meeting the normal operation of the hydraulic equipment.

 

Fourthly, choose hydraulic oil reasonably. When hydraulic oil flows in the pipeline, it will exhibit viscosity, and when the viscosity is too high, it will generate significant internal friction, causing the oil to heat up and increasing the resistance of the oil flow. When the viscosity is too low, it is easy to cause leakage, which will reduce the volumetric efficiency of the system. Therefore, it is generally recommended to choose an oil with appropriate viscosity and good viscosity temperature characteristics. In addition, when the oil flows in the pipeline, there is also pressure loss along the pipeline and local pressure loss. Therefore, when designing the pipeline, try to shorten the pipeline as much as possible while reducing bends.